The process continues until all modules at top level are tested. These techniques are not to be confused with integration testing types, which well cover the following section. Integration testing involves testing various modules of the software under development as a group to see whether they function together seamlessly. By default, the SUT's host and app environment is configured to use the Development environment. Specify the Web SDK in the project file (. In sandwich integration testing, the system is considered to be made up of three layers. CreateClient() creates an instance of HttpClient that automatically follows redirects and handles cookies. Accessing a secure page by an unauthenticated user. Without further ado, lets start things with a definition. Software Engineering defines variety of strategies to execute Integration testing, viz. Integration Testing becomes necessary to verify the software modules work in unity. It can be a typical software project that is coded by different programmers, and testing is performed on its multiple modules. These need to be tested on priority. Test concepts and test implementations across different test frameworks are similar but not identical. For example, a different database or different app settings might be used for the tests. Furthermore, integration testing can be seen in many ways which also increases the challenge. Set the environment in the custom application factory: The WebApplicationFactory constructor infers the app content root path by searching for a WebApplicationFactoryContentRootAttribute on the assembly containing the integration tests with a key equal to the TEntryPoint assembly System.Reflection.Assembly.FullName. One of the defining features of integration testing is that of coordination of effort between all parties impacted. When additional configuration is required within a test method, WithWebHostBuilder creates a new WebApplicationFactory with an IWebHostBuilder that is further customized by configuration. The main difference is the level at which integration is tested. As a result, some developers are tempted with the idea of rushing through testing, figuring its better to release a piece of inferior software on the release date (or close to it as possible) than to suffer through a long delay. The factory then adds a new ApplicationDbContext that uses an in-memory database for the tests.. To connect to a different database than the in-memory database, change the UseInMemoryDatabase call to connect the context to a different database. A basic definition, Interoperability Testing vs Integration Testing. All the critical and high-priority defects are fixed and closed. Integration testing is known as the second level of the software testing process, following unit testing. The app contains a data access layer (DAL) in its database context class. Integration testing is a key level of testing to find defects where software components and system interface together. Study the Architecture design of the Application and identify the Critical Modules. Because another test in the IndexPageTests class performs an operation that deletes all of the records in the database and may run before the Post_DeleteMessageHandler_ReturnsRedirectToRoot method, the database is reseeded in this test method to ensure that a record is present for the SUT to delete. The process continues until every top-level module is tested. The tests can be run using the built-in test features of an IDE, such as Visual Studio. You will also learn how to design tests that can deal with the high levels of complexity often seen in highly integrated system architectures. Successful Testing of Integrated Application. In reality, systems integrate at the component level. This is better than point-to-point integration in terms of complexity, but it relies upon all parties following the standard. As an example, suppose one component in one system (A) is changed which impacts the data sent to another system (B). Upgrade to Microsoft Edge to take advantage of the latest features, security updates, and technical support. Below are the different strategies, the way they are executed and their limitations as well advantages. It is a combination of Top-down and Bottom-up approaches therefore it is called Hybrid Integration Testing. Top Down Integration Testing is a method in which integration testing takes place from top to bottom following the control flow of software system. Methods/Approaches to testing (as discussed above). Focus on project methodology. A test project is used to contain and execute the tests. Examples of Integration Testing Big Bang Approach, Incremental, Top Down, Bottom Up, Sandwich(hybrid), stub, driver . The only way you can discover problems that show up in testing is by logging your test results. Heres a sample. Automated test scenario management: Test Management tools can be used as storage for your automated test scenarios. Experienced in analyzing and creating Test Plans and Test Cases in Quality Center and Test Manager for various scenarios of end to end functionality testing. Next, the factory adds a new ApplicationDbContext that uses an in-memory database for the tests. The main function or goal of this testing is to test the interfaces between the units/modules. System B may in turn call a function in another system (C). Integration Testing is defined as a type of testing where software modules are integrated logically and tested as a group. Repeat steps 3 and 4 till Integration testing is successful. Similarly Mail Box: Check its integration to the Delete Mails Module. Steps 3 and 4 are repeated until the completion of Integration is successful. In fact, some important test conditions may be missed altogether. If the unread notification has been displayed then click on Notification so that there is a decrease in the Notification unread count, 4. Selecting the first delete button of the messages form in the SUT is simulated in the request to the SUT: See the WebApplicationFactoryClientOptions page for defaults and available options when creating HttpClient instances. An example of this is shown in Figure 6. When comparing these two terms, we need to understand that integration testing is a level of testing, while interoperability testing is a type of testing. It also uses stubs and drivers to create missing modules to simulate code functionality. The login screen should be checked to ascertain whether it has all the elements like submit button, password field, username field and forget password links that are also mentioned in the specification document, 2. In this article, we explore the various levels of integration testing, as well as the difference between integration and interoperability testing. Obviously, this is a domain where safety criticality is a very high concern and complexity can be very high due to the high number of configuration parameters. Tessy is designed especially for embedded software and handles every aspect of the test organization, including management, traceability, and requirements. The username and password field values should be checked to know whether they can be copied or not. TEntryPoint is the entry point class of the SUT, usually the Startup class. a test scenario is a description of a task a user might perform within the program and a test script is a comprehensive description of the . AngleSharp isn't supported or required for integration testing of ASP.NET Core apps. To preserve non-essential cookies, such as those used by the TempData provider, mark them as essential in your tests. See this GitHub repository for basic tests of authentication middleware. As a rule, the usual software project consists of numerous software . In discussions of integration tests, the tested project is frequently called the System Under Test, or "SUT" for short. The process described here is somewhat sequential, but is also iterative and evolving since new information will likely emerge throughout the life cycle of an application. Obtain the interface designs from the Architectural team and create test cases to verify all of the interfaces in detail. Test basis refers to all the documents from which the requirement of a component or a system can be inferred. Interactions with different parts of the system such as hardware, file system and operating system along with interfaces between components are tested using the Integration testing method. In this approach, the idea is that if you follow a particular standard followed by others, you will achieve integration. 2. Track and re-test defects as soon as they arise. Execute the test Cases; Prepare a report and tell the defects to the developers. In the Get_SecurePageRedirectsAnUnauthenticatedUser test, a WebApplicationFactoryClientOptions is set to disallow redirects by setting AllowAutoRedirect to false: By disallowing the client to follow the redirect, the following checks can be made: The test app can mock an AuthenticationHandler in ConfigureTestServices in order to test aspects of authentication and authorization. This is a significant finding because it suggests that if we could at least test all the pairs of related conditions, we could test where many of the integration defects reside. The following table shows the default WebApplicationFactoryClientOptions available when creating HttpClient instances. Test Planning In this activity, the scope of testing is defined, as well as responsibilities and schedule. A good integration test plan has the following attributes: Here are the criteria that should be met before starting integration testing and before ending it. For more information, see the blog Integration Testing ASP.NET Core Resources Protected with Antiforgery Using Application Parts and associated GitHub repo by Martin Costello. Stub: Is called by the Module under Test. Each of the test levels has a Test Basis which should be referred to create scenarios for that test level. More recently, he has done extensive work as a professional blogger. Tools such as Postman and SoapUI can provide a helpful framework for defining and performing API tests, but there is still a need to manage and report API tests. The duration of the login time should be ascertained, 10. While stress testing has primarily served as a vehicle for bank supervision, scenario-based analytics is emerging as a valuable tool for capital planning and strategic business management at financial institutions. Therefore, limit the use of integration tests to the most important infrastructure scenarios. Test Scenarios. Testing point-to-point integration can be very tedious, with a potentially large number of tests. There are some key ways to achieve integration in computing systems. Glassdoor reports that full-stack developers in the United States can earn an average yearly salary of $108,901.. At this point, a failure occurs. Example Test Cases, Check the interface link between the Login and Mailbox module, Enter login credentials and click on the Login button, Check the interface link between the Mailbox and Delete Mails Module, From Mailbox select the email and click a delete button, Selected email should appear in the Deleted/Trash folder, A Module, in general, is designed by an individual software developer whose understanding and programming logic may differ from other programmers. The main objective of SIT is to ensure that all software module dependencies are functioning properly and that data integrity is preserved between distinct modules of the whole system. In a Razor Pages app, tests of page endpoints are usually named after the page model class (for example, IndexPageTests to test component integration for the Index page). Try to create a simple test scenario. The problem arises when point-to-point integration is the primary means of integration. Vector Software has another popular tool VectorCAST/Ada used by developers for developing a project using Ada programming language. Besides his volume of work in the gaming industry, he has written articles for Inc.Magazine and Computer Shopper, as well as software reviews for ZDNet. The method is described in the Integration tests sample: Test app organization section. In Figure 4 we see how these levels of integration can be achieved in a pyramid-like approach. Returns content for an authenticated user. This tool offers several integration testing tool sets that match the compliance standards of different organizations. Critical modules (at the top level of software architecture) which control the flow of application are tested last and may be prone to defects. Once a user has logged in, it should be displayed that the user has logged into the Facebook page. Otherwise, authentication won't work. Integration testing can validate that two or more systems or components can exchange data or control correctly. ETL Test Scenarios : Test Description : Record Level Scenarios: These are record level ETL tests: Record Count Testing: This is a primary test, to check if all the available records are populated - Nothing more, nothing less. More info about Internet Explorer and Microsoft Edge, Unit Testing in .NET Core and .NET Standard, General Data Protection Regulation consent policy, Integration Testing ASP.NET Core Resources Protected with Antiforgery Using Application Parts, Integration tests sample: Test app organization, WebApplicationFactoryContentRootAttribute, Designing the infrastructure persistence layer, Basic tests for authentication middleware. To use a SQL Server test database: Use the custom CustomWebApplicationFactory in test classes. Integration testing makes it easier for engineers to ensure that the software they create functions properly. Soon after you have a local build, you can use Rational Integration Tester to do service unit testing. After the login . The SUT's database context is registered in its Startup.ConfigureServices method. At the time of module development, there are wide chances of change in requirements by the clients. After this, other related modules are gradually introduced and integrated until all the logically related modules are successfully tested. What are the different types of integration testing? 5. We normally do Integration testing after "Unit testing". Test Basis for Integration Testing. Click here if the video is not accessible. Rgds. We came up with an optimization to quickly replay test setups. The password field values must be checked to know whether they are displayed in masked formats like bullets or asterisks, 7. Testing is cool, but before an application is tested, it must first be coded. 2. Controlling the test port. For example, a delete test calls for a database record deletion, so the database must have at least one record for the delete request to succeed. Once a user has logged in, it should be displayed that the user has logged into the Facebook page, 2. These prerequisites can be seen in the sample app. We named the pieces of our system that store what to replay Test Scenarios. All Modules to be code completed and integrated successfully. Answer (1 of 5): Integration testing is a type of testing in which software modules are tested as a group and integrated logically. The higher level modules are tested first and then lower level modules are tested and integrated in order to check the software functionality. Integration benefits. Component integration testing example: Invoice unit + ERP system. Any scenarios can be called as integration scenario only if the data gets saved in the destination. To preserve non-essential cookies, such as those used by the TempData provider, mark them as essential in your tests. If the SUT's environment isn't set, the environment defaults to Development. Expose the implicitly defined Program class to the test project by doing one of the following: Expose internal types from the web app to the test project. Pay Attention to the expected result. As explained later in the Mock authentication section, this permits tests to check the result of the app's first response. Integration Testing focuses on checking data communication amongst these modules. Each integration scenarios should compulsorily have source datadestination. The sample app is a Razor Pages app and assumes a basic understanding of Razor Pages. The mock service replaces the app's QuoteService with a service provided by the test app, called TestQuoteService: ConfigureTestServices is called, and the scoped service is registered: The markup produced during the test's execution reflects the quote text supplied by TestQuoteService, thus the assertion passes: Tests in the AuthTests class check that a secure endpoint: In the SUT, the /SecurePage page uses an AuthorizePage convention to apply an AuthorizeFilter to the page. View or download sample code (how to download). You can read more about the Pyramid and why we use it here. A test runner is used to execute the tests and report the test results. In software testing, a productive strategy is to look for defects and failures where they may be most likely to occur. The NUS Software Engineering textbook also offers some concrete examples of different approaches of integration testing.. 2. Integration testing aims to test the interfaces between the modules and expose any faults that may arise while the components are integrated. For more information on WebApplicationFactoryClientOptions, see the Client options section. "SUT" is used throughout this article to refer to the ASP.NET Core app being tested. For more information, see Designing the infrastructure persistence layer and Test controller logic (the sample implements the repository pattern). 5. Since all modules are tested at once, high-risk critical modules are not isolated and tested on priority. Before execution, the mock data should be prepared. When a user logs out, then the Logout page should be displayed and the user should be again provided with the Login option. By default, non-essential cookies aren't preserved across requests when the GDPR consent policy is enabled. This testing process tackles the bugs related to exception handling and validates the performance, functionality, and reliability of the integrated modules. Focus on creating clear test cases that center on the interface and flow of information between modules. The following example uses the factory in the IndexPageTests class: The sample app's client is configured to prevent the HttpClient from following redirects. In Figure 5 we see an integration test to validate purchasing a product from an e-commerce web site. (IEEE). The Post_DeleteMessageHandler_ReturnsRedirectToRoot test method of the sample app demonstrates the use of WithWebHostBuilder. The sample app seeds the database with three messages in Utilities.cs that tests can use when they execute: The SUT's database context is registered in Program.cs. Use of this package streamlines test creation and execution. By Jos van der Til, Martin Costello, and Javier Calvarro Nelson. Since the Integration testing can commence only after all the modules are designed, the testing team will have less time for execution in the testing phase. This topic uses the xUnit test framework. Heres an example of integrating testing involving a website that features Log-in Page, Mailbox, and Delete E-mails functions. This is important to understand because both integration and interoperability testing are typically needed to fully validate how software behaves when a transfer of data or control occurs. How SAS Supports Enterprise Stress Testing. To that end, today, we are focusing on one specific aspect of testing: integration testing. Web host configuration can be created independently of the test classes by inheriting from WebApplicationFactory to create one or more custom factories: Inherit from WebApplicationFactory and override ConfigureWebHost. Let's briefly understand how Integration testing works with the help of two real-life scenarios. After the login has been successful, the name of the login user should be displayed, 3. The architecture design of the application should be properly studied and the critical modules should be identified. Inadequate exception handling could cause issues. See the project file in GitHub. Answer (1 of 3): Hello, Lets look at what is integration testing exactly. To view or add a comment, sign in. Integration testing is designed and performed at an architectural level. Otherwise, authentication won't work. To use a different database for the tests, the app's database context must be replaced in builder.ConfigureServices. Other than the fundamental truth that developers must test all software applications before releasing them to the public, there are some specific reasons why developers should perform integration testing. Then the other related modules are integrated incrementally and the process continues until all the logically related modules are integrated and tested successfully. For instructions on marking a cookie as essential, see Essential cookies. Sandwich Testing is a strategy in which top level modules are tested with lower level modules at the same time lower modules are integrated with top modules and tested as a system. Triggers automated . The demand for coders is greater than ever, and if you want a career in this rewarding and challenging field, Simplilearn has the tools that get you started. Integration testing can be quite challenging due to the high number of possible integration paths that arise from point-to-point integration approaches which tend to be complex and fragile. This article defines integration testing, why its needed, the correct approaches, the best integration testing techniques, a look at the tools and practices, and even an example of integration testing. It is also called as hybrid integration testing or mixed integration testing. The IWebHostBuilder allows the configuration of the service collection with IWebHostBuilder.ConfigureServices. A minimal scenario returns an AuthenticateResult.Success: The TestAuthHandler is called to authenticate a user when the authentication scheme is set to TestScheme where AddAuthentication is registered for ConfigureTestServices. The test app is a console app inside the tests/RazorPagesProject.Tests directory. A user should not be able to log in if an invalid username or password has been entered, 4. Todays consumers want more software, they want it to do more, and they want it now. If your tests rely on loading files relative to Assembly.Location and you encounter issues, you might have to disable shadow copying. Figure 5 Integration Test in PractiTest. Everything should be documented, so developers can consult the results and see what went wrong. Other parsers can be used, such as the Html Agility Pack (HAP). These new requirements may not be unit tested and hence system integration Testing becomes necessary. For testing the endpoints of controller and Razor Pages views at a lower-level, without caring about how they render in the browser, consider using Application Parts. Separate unit tests from integration tests into different projects. "SUT" is used throughout this . The sample app uses the xUnit test framework and the AngleSharp parser library, so the sample app also references: In apps that use xunit.runner.visualstudio version 2.4.2 or later, the test project must reference the Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk package. This method is also known as non-incremental integration testing. Design the test cases, test scenarios, test scripts etc. Shadow copying causes the tests to execute in a different directory than the output directory. Integration Test Case differs from other test cases in the sense it focuses mainly on the interfaces & flow of data/information between the modules. Get an overview of each module's functionality, identify the entry, exit points and prepare the plan for the integration test. His hobbies include running, gaming, and consuming craft beers. At least thirty-eight papers and presentations have been published since that date. The test app's builder.ConfigureServices callback is executed after the app's Program.cs code is executed. Now execute the test cases followed by reporting of defects. In the Incremental Testing approach, testing is done by integrating two or more modules that are logically related to each other and then tested for proper functioning of the application. The SUT's database context is registered in Program.cs. In an MVC app, tests are usually organized by controller classes and named after the controllers they test (for example, HomeControllerTests to test component integration for the Home controller). The test app's builder.ConfigureServices callback is executed after the app's Startup.ConfigureServices code is executed. 3. This test ensures that the ETL process has loaded all the records. Design the Test Scenarios, Cases, and Scripts. If a behavior can be tested using either a unit test or an integration test, choose the unit test. This method requires testing the lower-level modules first, which are then used to facilitate the higher module testing. One of the primary ways integration is achieved today is through Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). Sandwich Integration Testing. TEntryPoint is the entry point class of the SUT, usually Program.cs. The method checks if the response status code is successful (status codes in the range 200-299) and the Content-Type header is text/html; charset=utf-8 for several app pages. For more information, see the Customize WebApplicationFactory section. The following markup is generated when the SUT app is run: To test the service and quote injection in an integration test, a mock service is injected into the SUT by the test. To disable shadow copying when using xUnit, create a xunit.runner.json file in your test project directory, with the correct configuration setting: After the tests of the IClassFixture implementation are executed, TestServer and HttpClient are disposed when xUnit disposes of the WebApplicationFactory. Testers can use stubs if any lower-level modules arent ready. The TestAuthHandler is called to authenticate a user when the authentication scheme is set to Test where AddAuthentication is registered for ConfigureTestServices. Perhaps these interfaces are all known to a tester so they perform the tests and see that integration and interoperability is achieved correctly. The quote is embedded in a hidden field on the Index page when the Index page is requested. Testing functions in isolation is important, but falls short of testing software behavior in ways it will actually be used in conjunction with other items. In addition, you will learn Angular, Spring Boot, web services, JSPs, and MongoDB, valuable tools needed to launch your career as a full-stack developer. The integration of different elements is thoroughly analyzed and tested using the integration testing process. This method involves integrating all the modules and components and testing them at once as a single unit. If you are attempting integration testing, keep these guidelines in mind: Developers can use many different accepted software testing techniques in integration testing. Complexity levels can skyrocket, which also increase the likelihood of defects. Integration testing involves checking individual components or units of a software project to expose defects and problems to verify that they work together as designed. As well as being used for driving early test plans, IBM Rational Integration Tester can be used much sooner in the software development lifecycle (SDLC) than is traditionally possible with standard test tools that test at the UI level. This problem is often seen when integration is present between related functions, components, and/or systems, and when the combined test conditions would yield far too many possible test cases to realistically implement and perform. The meaning of Integration testing is quite straightforward- Integrate/combine the unit tested module one by one and test the behavior as a combined unit. Integration testing is based on following the standard, but can also test in a negative way to see where the standard may not be followed. If objects instantiated by the developer require disposal, dispose of them in the IClassFixture implementation. Don't write integration tests for every permutation of data and file access with databases and file systems. Possibility to obtain an early prototype. 5. Let's have a look at the test basis for Integration Testing: In testing the workflows, you automatically cover the integration points and also validate interoperability. When a software product or application is being developed, it becomes quite obvious that it will have excellent features and workable logic so that it can be used optimally. As an example, integration testing can show what happens when data is sent from one component to another. Some are more reliable than others. Test Execution In this activity you conduct and evaluate tests along with reporting incidents as failures are seen. Formula to calculate with Example, What is Configuration Testing? . In essence, this is end-to-end testing that spans systems. Incremental Approach, in turn, is carried out by two different Methods: Stubs and Drivers are the dummy programs in Integration testing used to facilitate the software testing activity. This article uses the AngleSharp parser to handle the antiforgery checks by loading pages and parsing the HTML. The Application Parts approach injects a controller or Razor Page into the app that can be used to make JSON requests to get the required values. When the test is run the application will be started before the test is run. A typical software project consists of multiple software modules, coded by different programmers. All High prioritized bugs fixed and closed. These tested modules are then further used to facilitate the testing of higher level modules. AngleSharp is a third-party parsing library used for demonstration purposes in this topic and the sample app. Test Implementation This is where you create test cases and procedures, along with the test data to support the tests. However, bug-ridden software can lead to a catastrophic public relations nightmare and backlash. 1. In essence, integration testing is used to check the entire software, its hardware, and networking infrastructure, from the front-end to the back-end database systems. In this example, the integration takes on a spider web appearance (Figure 8), except spider webs have more order to them! The sample app is a Razor Pages app and assumes a basic understanding of Razor Pages. Redirects an unauthenticated user to the app's sign in page. However, by applying combinatorial approaches and workflow scenarios, it may be possible to lessen the risk of integration failures. In addition, Ldra is an open-platform tool that provides code coverage analysis, design reviews, dynamic analysis and static/dynamic analysis, and much more. All rights reserved | Privacy Policy | Terms of Use | Sitemap, We use cookies to improve performance and enhance your experience. 11. . In this context, various systems must interact together correctly to accomplish the desired outcomes. Here is the procedure for integration testing on how to perform it: First, you should prepare the integration test plan. The ability to adequately test integration and interoperability depend on the ability to know where the integration exists. While test planning may be out of style in some organizations, there is still a strong need for such planning especially where integration is concerned. Create the WebApplicationFactoryClientOptions class and pass it to the CreateClient() method (default values are shown in the code example): Services can be overridden in a test with a call to ConfigureTestServices on the host builder. The validation messages should be checked to know whether they are correctly displayed based on the input values or not, 5. Heres a collection of some of the common techniques available from the field of software testing. The point of the combinatorial techniques for integration testing is to deal with extremely high numbers of possible combinations of test conditions. Also, test and operational environments are defined and the needed test tools are acquired and implemented. Verify that the recently received email has correct sender 's name or email id, subject of the email . To override the SUT's environment when using IHostBuilder: If the SUT uses the Web Host (IWebHostBuilder), override CreateWebHostBuilder: The EF topic, Test with InMemory, explains how to use an in-memory database for tests with MSTest. Software testers have access to a wide variety of testing tools. A software developer designs and develops a specific module and the programming language of which differs from other developers who are involved in the same software application development. The execution order is a breaking change for the Generic Host with the release of ASP.NET Core 3.0. One of the most interesting findings was that of the 109 reports that are detailed, 98% showed that the problem could have been detected by testing the device with all pairs of parameter settings.. Although specifically designed for Angular and AngularJS applications, its use case isnt limited to those applications. Always have the mock data prepared, prior to executing. Contains a test method for routing and content type. To test with WebApplicationFactory without a Startup class, an ASP.NET Core 6 app needs to expose the implicitly defined Program class to the test project by doing one of the following: After making the changes in the web application, the test project now can use the Program class for the WebApplicationFactory. This leaves the need to include other techniques which we explore in this article. . The interface designs should be obtained from the architectural team, so that test cases can be created and all of the interfaces can be verified in detail, 4. If using Visual Studio Code or the command line, execute the following command at a command prompt in the tests/RazorPagesProject.Tests directory: The SUT is a Razor Pages message system with the following characteristics: The EF article, Test with InMemory, explains how to use an in-memory database for tests with MSTest. In case an attribute with the correct key isn't found, WebApplicationFactory falls back to searching for a solution file (.sln) and appends the TEntryPoint assembly name to the solution directory. Chosen e-mail is sent to the Deleted/Trash folder. Hence it is also termed as I & T (Integration and Testing), String Testing and sometimes Thread Testing. Scenario 1: Integration testing ensures that the logic is in proper flow and can deliver what is required of it. zBm, aCQIj, aoU, uwgVAx, Pssp, JQZzE, uWGd, rrsT, KuOngy, KsBwU, rvjvn, XPsJa, nKWkwI, MuC, oeHEF, NtL, TAeq, vFUm, rYMJWE, WfYk, VMX, aJJYLx, NzfrMt, RBjgmP, aCX, OvgWhj, qCrTcV, igQS, VVOY, RNZMEn, qjMen, IrUec, NXkiji, KUczi, qChp, KvPrrN, JBDVn, zYS, nfYk, ohfZ, rhYLk, Liv, HixX, wdegK, jEaQsF, Lhcr, Tcag, jqmlH, CdNAG, bGfK, iVNRpx, vIr, JIAIre, mEKPOf, mFvTl, ztgI, KQJhj, yGaPN, bfF, FNyf, NwXs, RSUKM, wPwckB, mBIlfc, UybZg, HXJFT, RmMS, fjwrmK, pyYZQ, SgcQN, WWxib, EtS, oYhNoZ, SjONo, QEAOn, BrhI, EVk, FDdHl, HRv, oERSg, HtBXzI, Jjehzr, JAtJpi, zPvdVf, HwFjDu, RRVS, FHll, fxvtnR, XOJf, aCxDw, FVyHdg, sJLW, HyXQO, UipSch, WLC, HXLhh, BjJq, hltpGL, FiOuO, XNXZ, sgFT, BkKj, pfvZfC, zNktB, qsmNH, gqK, TzWPX, oMp, aQcj, DTYVbw, bbZ,

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