Once melted, use the butterscotch chips as a replacement for melted chocolate in any recipe. 2015-2021, relative to 2015=100. Earth).The acceleration causes a gradual recession of a satellite in a prograde orbit away from the primary, and a corresponding slowdown of the primary's rotation. WebGet the latest news and analysis in the stock market today, including national and world stock market news, business news, financial news and more Roll all those factors together and cobalt, while beneficial in the battery cell, is anything but beneficial to a company looking to scale battery production up to 3 terawatt-hours per year by 2030. Because phones are extremely energy efficient, data transmission accounts for more than 80% of the electricity consumption when streaming. Several non-sovereign entities are also included for information purposes, with their parent state noted. Drop by rounded tablespoon onto ungreased baking In my humble opinion as a food writer, there is no finer cookie, especially for making at home, than chocolate chip. These services are associated with energy use and carbon emissions from devices, network infrastructure and data centres. The research synopsis below comes from Eric Masanet and Nuoa Lei of the McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science at Northwestern University, and a full list of AGCIs quarterly research updates covering recent climate change research on clean energy pathways is available online at https://www.agci.org/solutions/quarterly-research-reviews. Therefore, my assumptions for data transmission energy use have been updated with time-based energy intensity values. 1 decade ago. Get creative with Nestle Toll House Butterscotch Morsels! COMBINE flour, baking soda, salt and cinnamon in small bowl. The economy was widely based on specialty agriculture, oil, tourism, shipping, film, and after 1940 advanced technology such Distinguishing between kilowatt-hours (energy) and kilowatts (power) Work is the amount of energy transferred to a system; power is the rate of delivery of energy. The long-term potential for natural gas is based on sufficient gas resources and its relatively low CO2 emissions. This law describes trends in the energy efficiency of computing, which has doubled roughly every 1.6 years since the 1940s andevery 2.7 years since 2000. The electricity mix is also rapidly decarbonising in many parts of the world. Please contact us for commercial use. A more ambitious, but feasible, target is 73 million tons of oil per year (2020) a lorry row spanning 1,5 times around the globe. Replacing devices less often can also help, since the production phase accounts foraround 80%of the lifecycle carbon emissions of mobile devices (and about a third for televisions), andelectronic wasteis a growing problem across the world. [1], During 2011, an additional 21.9 gigawatts (GW) of photovoltaics systems were connected to the grid in the European Union, a steep increase from 13.4 GW in 2010. In 2011 in the EU new installations were 21.5 GW. SIGN UP today! Streaming video is a fairly low-emitting activity, especially compared to driving to a cinema, for instance. The most important key figures provide you with a compact summary of the topic of "Electricity generation in the UK" and take you straight to the corresponding statistics. We are happy to help. Just one word or warning: they are MUCH sweeter than the typical semi-sweet chips used in these recipes, so a little bit goes a long way. document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Business News | Stock Market | Money Market | Cryptos | Financial Literacy | SME |, Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, Airtel emerges sole bidder for 3.5GHz spectrum licence as Ecobank gets a fine. Butterscotch chips might be one of the most underrated sweet additions to a wide variety of desserts. These new results were based on integration of numerous recent datasets, which better characterize the installed stocks, operating characteristics, and energy use of data center IT devices, as well as structural shifts in the data center industry, compared to past studies. Callebaut Gold 30.4% - Finest Belgian Caramel Chocolate Chips (callets) 2.5kg. October 20, 2020 at 9:43 am. Compared to2019 levels, global emissions intensity of electricityfallsby around a quarter by 2030 in the IEAStated Policies Scenarioand by half in theSustainable Development Scenario. On a European scale, analyses show that 1600 gigawatt electrolysis and 7500 terawatt-hours of chemical storage may be needed to completely decarbonize heavy-duty transport such as trucks, ships, and planes . Data centres worldwide today consume around 1% of global electricity use, even whileinternet traffic has tripledsince 2015 and data centre workloads a measure of service demand have more than doubled (chart, below left). Morsels & More mixed in and baked Photo: Aimee Levitt. Such technological detail will also ensure proper consideration of important efficiency trends. Gradually beat in flour mixture. WebEarth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life.While large volumes of water can be found throughout the Solar System, only Earth sustains liquid surface water.About 71% of Earth's surface is made up of the ocean, dwarfing Earth's polar ice, lakes, and rivers.The remaining 29% of Earth's surface is 5.00 311g. Second, greater use of server virtualization software, which enables multiple applications to run on a single server, has significantly reduced the energy intensity of each hosted application. Directly accessible data for 170 industries from 50 countries and over 1 million facts: Get quick analyses with our professional research service. The updated charts and comparisons also include the corrected values published by The Shift Project in June 2020, as well as other recent estimates quoted by the media. In 2020, wind was the leading source of renewable electricity in the country, with onshore and offshore output combined surpassing 75 terawatt-hours. Demand growth on the continent: The Gas Exporting Countries Forum (GECF) estimates that natural gas demand in Africa is expected to rise significantly from about 155 bcm in 2020 to almost 400 bcm by 2050, with the majority of this growth coming from sub-Saharan Africa. Portion : 1 fluid ounce. Nestle Butterscotch Morsels. [2], In 2011 the EU's solar electricity production is evaluated as ca 44.8 TWh in 2011 with 51.4 GW installed capacity, up 98% on 2010. The open-source United States Energy Policy Simulator estimates environmental and economic impacts of hundreds of climate and energy policies. These artificially flavored butterscotch chips for baking are easy to toss into dessert mixes and batters. Always check the results; rounding errors may occur. In 2010, the 2.6 billion European solar heating sector consisted of small and medium-sized businesses, generated 17.3 terawatt-hours (TWh) of energy, employed 33,500 workers, and created one new job for every 80 kW of added capacity. It is clear that these figures are too high but by how much? [25], Over the next 10 years the European solar thermal will grow on average at a rate of 15% per annum. These butterscotch morsels help to make delicious melt-in-your-mouth candies and other baking treats. They didn't have an expiration date, so I was wondering if they would still be o.k. Definition: In relation to the base unit of [energy] => (joules), 1 Kilowatt Hour (kWh) is equal to 3600000 joules, while 1 Terawatt Hour (TWh) = 3.6E+15 joules. Solar power consists of photovoltaics (PV) and solar thermal energy in the European Union. Another recent claim is that the emissions generated by watching 30 minutes of Netflix (1.6 kg of CO2) is the same as driving almost four miles. This claim is backed up by assumptions that data centers providing Netflix streaming services would consume around 370 TWh per year (Kamiya 2020). The update also adds comparisons to other estimates widely quoted in the media. But as the chart above shows, this figure depends heavily on the generation mix of the country in question. The finding that global data centers likely consumed around 205 terawatt-hours (TWh) in 2018, or 1 percent of global electricity use, lies in stark contrast to earlier extrapolation-based estimates that showed rapidly-rising data center energy use over the past decade (Figure 2). To measure, units of measurement are needed and converting such units is an important task as well. The share of natural gas in the energy mix increases from 23% in 2021 to almost 24.5% in 2045. Facebook: quarterly number of MAU (monthly active users) worldwide 2008-2022, Quarterly smartphone market share worldwide by vendor 2009-2022, Number of apps available in leading app stores Q3 2022. All sectors and technologiesare needed to help achieve the goals of theParis Agreementand digital technologies are no exception. The measurement units that are specific to an energy product and are employed at the point of measurement of the energy flow are often referred to as original or natural units. One study from 2012 estimated that a five-hour meeting held over a video conferencing call between participants in different countries would produce between 4kg (8.8lbs) CO2e and 215kg (474lbs) CO2e. PV is now a significant part of Europe's electricity mix, producing 2% of the demand in the EU and roughly 4% of peak demand. As well as changes that are invisible to the consumer, there are also obvious trends in the technology seen everyday. One advantage that CSP has is the ability to add thermal storage and provide power up to 24 hours a day. The corrected figures imply that one hour of Netflix consumes 0.8 kWh. Nestle Toll House Butterscotch Artificially Flavored Morsels are a delicious treat your entire family will love. For example, one oft-repeated claim is that the worlds data centers emit as much CO2 as the global aviation industry (Pearce 2018), which is roughly 900 billion kilograms of CO2 (Air Transport Action Group 2020). As coal declines, natural gas becomes the second-largest fuel in the energy mix after 2030. Each bag contains approximately 1 2/3 cups of artificially flavored butterscotch baking chips. Buy Online Currently unavailable. The original 1.6kg per half hour claim overestimated bitrate, the amount of data transferred each second during streaming, apparently assuming a figure of 24 megabits per second (Mbps), equivalent to 10.8 gigabytes (GB) per hour. Data centers can be thought of as the brains of the internet. sugarbear1a. As with other electricity end-uses, such aselectric vehicles, this means that the overall footprint of streaming video depends most heavily onhow the electricity is generated. Add to Basket. 1 MWh = 1.0E-6 TWh. Instead of relying on misleading media coverage, this will require rigorous analysis, corporate leadership, sound policy and informed citizens. 8 / 67g restant(e)s. Sodium 2,280g. Answer Save. To reduce the risk of rising energy use and emissions, investments in RD&D for efficient next-generation computing and communications technologies are needed, alongside continued efforts todecarbonise the electricity supply. Also, LNG exports are forecast to increase to about 117 billion cubic meters (bcm) by 2050, positioning Africa as a major LNG hub over the long term. The United States was the second-largest energy WebSee Technical notes for additional information on the Commercial, Industrial, and Transportation sectors. Find your information in our database containing over 20,000 reports, operational nuclear power stations in the UK. For reference, about 10,000 100-watt lightbulbs or 5,000 computer systems would be needed to draw 1MW. Be the first to review this product . Estonia, Finland, Latvia, and Romania have not included solar thermal in their national plans at all. Research expert covering energy and environment. Stir continually until all ingredients are mixed well, bringing the mixture ALMOST to a boil, then turning down the heat. (Find more info on e-waste here.) With 167 million Netflix subscribers watchingan average of two hours per day, the corrected Shift Project figures imply that Netflix streaming consumes around 94 terawatt hours(TWh) per year, which is 200-times larger than figures reported by Netflix (0.45TWh in 2019). The IEA estimate is also substantially lower than other estimates quoted in the media, including 22-times lower than the Despacito claim (cited on Channel 4, the BBC, Fortune and Al Jazeera, assuming a global average grid mix) and 11-times lower than the claim by Save On Energy that 80 million views of Birdbox emitted 66ktCO2 (cited in the New Yorker, Euronews, Forbes, Die Welt and the Daily Mail). Hello- My best friend was recently diagnosed with celiac, in an effort to cheer her up and show her she can still eat her favorite foods, just modified, I decided to (very carefully) make her some 7 layer/congo/magic layer/whatever you call them bars- the recipe i use calls for butterscotch chips. Coupled with the short lifespans of devices and equipment, which hastens turnover, the efficiency of the overall stock of devices, data centres and networks is improving rapidly. Stir in oats and morsels. WebEnergy products are measured in physical units by their mass, volume, and energy content. Get a round-up of all the important articles and papers selected by Carbon Brief by email. Top countries per capita will be Cyprus, Greece, Austria, Italy, and Belgium. The best tactics: low and slow indirect heating with the microwave instead of melting over direct heat in a saucepan. Notes: - See Glossary for definitions. WebMW to MMBtu/h Conversion. One advantage that CSP has is the ability to add thermal storage and provide power up to 24 hours a day. By entering your email address you agree for your data to be handled in accordance with our Privacy Policy. xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = function(){if(xmlhttp.readyState==4 && xmlhttp.status==200){var es = document.querySelectorAll("[data-id='"+adunit+"']");var e = Array.from(es).filter(function(e) {return !e.hasAttribute("data-rendered")});if(e.length > 0){e.forEach(function(el){var iframe = el.contentWindow.document;iframe.open();iframe.write(xmlhttp.responseText);iframe.close();el.setAttribute('data-rendered', true)})}}};var child=childNetworkId.trim()? adunit = 'nairametrics.com_336x336_responsive_DFP', Learn more about the term and its applications in this article. That 2014 study found streaming in the US in 2011 emitted 0.42kgCO2e per hour on a lifecycle basis, including embodied emissions from manufacture and disposal of infrastructure and devices. Sustainable design and coding could also help, such as further improving video compression. Nigeria, Algeria, Angola, Cameroon, Egypt, and Equatorial Guinea account for the 71.1 million tons per annum (mtpa) liquefied natural gas (LNG) liquefaction capacity on the continent. https://www.food.com/recipe/toll-house-butterscotch-chip-cookies-16110 All thats involved is taking some crispy chow mein noodles and mixing them with melted butterscotch chips; as for how to melt butterscotch chips, my infallible method is microwaving them in thirty second bursts and stirring between until melted. Go to About us. Croatian national renewable energy strategy is to increase participating share of renewable in overall energy mix from current 15.8% (end of 2012) to around 25% by 2020 with solar generating at least 500MWh. Value of natural gas for Africa: The WOO highlights natural gas as Africas greatest opportunity as a long-term energy supply solution to help alleviate energy poverty and enhance the quality of life, specifically in sub-Saharan Africa. For instance, the emissions intensity of electricity in the UKfell by nearly 60% between 2008 and 2018. Factcheck: What is the carbon footprint of streaming video on Netflix? [3], In 2012, photovoltaic systems with a total capacity of 17.2 gigawatt (GW) were connected to the grid in Europe, less than in 2011, when 22.4 GW had been installed. To help you identify gluten-free products, Nestle provides a list of its gluten-free products. (2020) who estimated that 35 hours of HD video emits 2.68tCO2, or 77kgCO2 per hour. Butterscotch flavoured baking chips. Pre Order. 2020). 100 % 18g Glucides. Pickup. Nov 5, 2020 - These Oatmeal Scotchies are incredibly soft, chewy, packed with butterscotch chips, and easy to make too. However, some system cookies that are needed for this website to work properly have already been set. Receiveinsights and updates from Energy Innovations programsstraight to your inbox. Right: Global data centre energy demand by data centre type (terawatt hours). 1 MW is 3 times bigger than a MMBtu/h. Dec 10, 2015 - Explore June Phillips's board "Butterscotch chips", followed by 414 people on Pinterest. This energy volume is sufficient to power the supply needs of over 20 million households. In 2005 solar heating in the EU was equivalent to more than 686,000 tons of oil. Chill dough in refrigerator for 1 hour. To put it in context, my updated estimate for the average carbon footprint of a half-hour Netflix show is equivalent to driving around 100 metres in a conventional car. According to Photon International magazine the worldwide solar cell production capacity was 12.5 GW in 2009 and 37 GW in 2011. WebNuclear power is the use of nuclear reactions to produce electricity.Nuclear power can be obtained from nuclear fission, nuclear decay and nuclear fusion reactions. Between 2010 and 2018, global IP trafficthe quantity of data traversing the internetincreased more than ten-fold, while global data center storage capacity increased by a factor of 25 in parallel (Masanet et al. Because extrapolation-based approaches are much simpler, they have been used to fill the temporal gaps left behind by sporadic bottom-up studies. Update 25/11/2020: The energy intensity figures for data centres and data transmission networks have been updated to reflect more recent data and research. Product Code: N2340 Category: Baking Chocolate Tags: Nestle, Toll-House. Presently, the vast majority of electricity from nuclear power is produced by nuclear fission of uranium and plutonium in nuclear power plants.Nuclear decay processes are used in niche It is becoming increasingly likely that efficiency gains of current technologiesmay be unabletokeep pacewith this growing data demand. To put it in context, my updated estimate for the average carbon footprint of a half-hour Netflix show is equivalent to driving around 100 metres in a conventional car. [23] Gemasolar, in Spain, was the first to provide 24-hour power. Analysts should consider several key priorities. Only 7 left in stock. Unfortunately, it is not yet possible to accurately estimate total CO2 emissions, due to a lack of data on the locations of the vast majority of global data centers and the emissions intensities (measured in grams CO2 per kilowatt-hour) of their actual electricity sources. And parallel investments in renewable power sourcing will be required to minimize the climate implications of unavoidable data center energy use (Masanet et al. Third, most compute instances have migrated to large cloud- and hyperscale-class data centers, which utilize ultra-efficient cooling systems (among other important efficiency practices) to minimize energy use (Figure 2). Technology companies can continue to play a big role in reducing the environmental impact of streaming, including through further efforts to increase energy efficiency both in the near-termwith new technologiesand developing next-generation technologies and investing in renewable energy to power their data centres and networks. 1 x 1.0E-6 TWh = 1.0E-6 Terawatt Hour. Instead, experts advise using time-based energy intensity values (kWh per viewing hour). I will have to try this recipe using Nestle Butterscotch Chips and store-brand condensed milk to see if I can figure out what happened. Assuming a fixed rate of 5 cents per kilowatt-hour. Well my triple butterscotch pound cake has butterscotch batter, butterscotch chips baked inside, and a totally addictive browned butter butterscotch glaze drizzled on top. Chart by Carbon Brief using Highcharts. Follow the MoneyFollow the MarketFollow the DealsCrypto on the go. The Outlook also points out the fact that natural gas can meet the continents substantial power deficit, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Consigner un aliment. These exaggerate the actual climate impact by up to 90-times. 1 x 1.0E-9 TWh = 1.0E-9 Terawatt Hour. Stir in Butterscotch Morsels and Chocolate Chips with spoon. 2020). Network devices connect the data center to the internet, enabling incoming and outgoing data flows. Reply. unitsconverters.com is an online conversion tool to convert all types of measurement Although the carbon footprint of streaming video remains relatively modest, it might still seem reasonable to expect the overall impact to rise, given exponential increases in usage. All Rights Reserved. 19. Definition: A kilowatt (symbol: kw) is a unit of power in the International System of Units (SI). Units of measure for Watts (W) with examples, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, "Transcript of "This deep-sea mystery is changing our understanding of life", "Nanoelectromechanical systems face the future", "EETimes - Driving LED lighting in mobile phones and PDAs", dtic.mil harvesting energy with hand-crank generators to support dismounted soldier missions, "Power of a Human Brain - The Physics Factbook", alternative-energy-news.info The Pedal-A-Watt Stationary Bicycle Generator. Qty-+ Pre Order. econvergence.net The Pedal-A-Watt Bicycle Generator Stand Buy one or build with detailed plans. In contrast, extrapolation-based models estimate total energy use by taking previous bottom-up values and scaling them up on the basis of data center market growth indicators, such as global IP traffic (Andrae and Edler 2015) or data center investments (Belkhir and Elmeligi 2018). This cake is for you. Great recipe! Nestle's Nestle's - Butterscotch Chips. Increased gas availability will also encourage consumption by gas-based industries, such as petrochemicals, methanol and fertilizers, which will contribute to the productivity of the agricultural sector and food security. To that end, it can be bought in "butterscotch chips", made with hydrogenated (solid) fats so as to be similar for baking use to chocolate chips. Get it Tuesday, Feb 2. WebSolar power, the production of electricity from solar energy, is performed either directly, through photovoltaics, or indirectly, using concentrated solar power (CSP). Use these baking chips as a sweet addition to oatmeal butterscotch cookies, or melt them for butterscotch flavored candy. STEM uses fluidized silica sand as a thermal storage and heat transfer medium for CSP systems. By entering your email address you agree for your data to be handled in accordance with our Privacy Policy. From 32.4MWh in 2012, to an additional 46,2MWh in 2013 with another 108MWh[6] awaiting to be connected to the national grid and additional power plants under construction with total energy output exceeding 200MWh. (function () { This is the result of using high and outdated energy-use assumptions for various access modes for example, 0.9 kWh/GB for mobile compared to more recent peer-reviewed estimates of 0.1-0.2 kWh/GB for 4G mobile in 2019. to use. The WOO went further to state that Africas total onstream liquefaction capacity in 2050 will reach around 144.8 mtpa which is more than double of the continents existing export capacity. Published under a CC license. Bag. ','+childNetworkId.trim():'';xmlhttp.open("GET", 'https://pubads.g.doubleclick.net/gampad/adx?iu=/147246189'+child+'/'+adunit+'&sz='+encodeURI(size)+'&t=Placement_type%3Dserving&'+Date.now(), true);xmlhttp.send();})(); !function(){var t="611a52ccd5cc7aa94a532b7d",e="widget_611a52ccd5cc7aa94a532b7d",a=document.createElement("script");a.type="text/javascript",a.setAttribute("data-cfasyn","false"),a.src="https://widget-cdn.ketshwa.com/m/p/611a52ccd5cc7aa94a532b7d/1256.js",a.async=!0,document.body.appendChild(a),a.onload=function(){KetshwaSDK.showWidget(t,e)}}(); Subscribe to our mailing list to receive daily updates direct to your inbox! This article provides a brief description of energy supply and consumption, using statistics summarized in tables, of Researchers have started to study the potentialenergy and emissionsimpacts of these technologies, includingblockchainandmachine learning. Enter your email address to have updates from Energy Innovation delivered to your inbox. In France, wherearound 90% of electricity comes from low-carbon sources, the emissions would be around 2gCO2e, equivalent to 10 metresof driving. For example, the most authoritative bottom-up study in the last decade appeared in 2011 (Koomey 2011), and it estimated that data centers accounted for between 1.1 percent and 1.5 percent of global electricity use in 2010. Particularly noteworthy is the rapid growth in video traffic over mobile networks, which isgrowing at 55% per year. 435.10 grams. It includes heat, but not energy from food. Great recipe! Always check the results; rounding errors may occur. They should be okay as long as they have been kept in an airtight bag if they have been opened previously. However, because the energy efficiency of data centres andnetworks is improving rapidlydoubling everycouple of years energy use and emissions from streaming today should be substantially lower. Theassumptionsbehind the Shift Project analysis (largely based on a2015 paper, whose assumptions have been significantly revised in 2019 and 2020) contain a series of flaws, which, taken together, seriously exaggerate the electricity consumed by streaming video. October 20, 2020 at 9:44 am. Preheat oven to 350 degrees. 6 cookie recipes made for Lipides 59g. 2020). U.S. A terawatt-hour is a unit of energy equal to 1012 watt-hours. var size='300x250', The ease of accessing streaming media is leading to a largerebound effect, with overall streaming video consumption rising rapidly. 1 1/4 cup Nestl Butterscotch Morsels; 2 Eggs; 1 1/4 cup Nestl Semi-Sweet Morsels; 1/2 cup Canola Oil or Vegetable Oil; Instructions. In terms of total installed capacity, according to EPIA's 2012-report, Europe still led the way with more than 70 GW, or 69% of worldwide capacity, producing 85 TWh of electricity annually. WebWorld energy supply and consumption is global production and preparation of fuel, generation of electricity, energy transport, and energy consumption.It is a basic part of economic activity. According to the ingredients list on the package, Nestle Toll House Butterscotch Chips contain barley protein, a source of gluten, and is therefore not gluten-free 1 3. This is around 90-times less than the original 1.6kg figure from the Shift Project (leftmost column) and 11-times less than the corrected figure of 0.2kg (second column). The Shift Projects original 3.2kgCO2 per hour estimate is around eight times higher than a2014 peer-reviewed studyon the energy and emissions impacts of streaming video, while their corrected estimate of 0.4kgCO2 per hour is similar to the 2014 peer-reviewed study. WebThis article continues the history of California in the years 1900 and later. Nuclear power supplied 8% and renewable energy supplied 12%, which includes hydroelectric dams, biomass, wind, geothermal, and solar.. Aimee Levitt. WebHow to convert Megawatt Hour to Terawatt Hour (MWh to TWh)? Netflix subscriptionsgrew 20% last year to 167m, whileelectricity consumption rose 84%. Minimum age: minimum age for the station tour is 7 years old. the Moon) and the primary planet that it orbits (e.g. The per capita data for many countries may be slightly inaccurate as population data may not be for the same year as the consumption Los Gallinazos Sin Plumas English Analysis, Do Law Schools Look At Cumulative Gpa Or Degree Gpa. Yet, contrary to a slew of recent misleading media coverage, the climate impacts of streaming video remain relatively modest, particularly compared to other activities and sectors. Over the same time period, the number of compute instances running on the worlds serversa measure of total applications hostedincreased more than six-fold (see Figure 3) (Masanet et al. As a result, the central IEA estimate for one hour of streaming video in 2019 is now 36gCO2, down from 82gCO2 in the original analysis published in February 2020. Barty also gave an invited talk on "Laser-Based Nuclear Photonics" at the SPIE meeting. I will definitely use every holiday! WebHow to convert Gigawatt Hour to Terawatt Hour (GWh to TWh)? However, such extrapolations tend to estimate large increases in data center energy use, given that the market indicators upon which they rely also grow rapidly. These strong growth trends are expected to continue as the world consumes more and more data. As is consistent with SI units, the prefix kilo- means that a kilowatt equals one thousand watts or one thousand joules per second. Needed investment: According to estimates from the GECF, transforming natural gas reserves into supply in Africa will require more than $1.6 trillion investment in the upstream sector alone. Enjoy their versatility in a variety of recipes or right out of the bag. ", "Chapter 1 - Biological energy production", "AM Station Classes, and Clear, Regional, and Local Channels", "FM Broadcast Station Classes and Service Contours", "Bitcoin mining consumes more electricity a year than Ireland | Technology", "U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)", "Power of a Space Shuttle - The Physics Factbook", "Germany can now produce half its energy from solar | Richard Dawkins Foundation", "California ISO Peak Load History 1998 through 2018", "National Grid electricity consumption statistics", "Turkish Electricity Transmission Company's Installed Capacity Statistics", "File:Saturn v schematic.jpg - Wikimedia Commons", U.S energy consumption by source, 19492005, "Scientists create record-breaking 10-petawatt laser that can vaporize matter", "Super Laser Sets Another Record For Peak Power", "The biggest explosion in our solar system", "ASASSN-15lh: A highly super-luminous supernova", "The Incomprehensible Power of a Supernova | RealClearScience", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orders_of_magnitude_(power)&oldid=1123069277, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from November 2020, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from February 2011, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2011, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. The national strategies are equivalent to 84 GW solar capacity in 2020 which may underestimate the actual development taking place. Another recent claim on Channel 4 Dispatches estimated that 7bn YouTube views of a 2017 hit song Despacito, by Luis Fonsi and Daddy Yankee, featuring Justin Beiber had consumed 900 gigawatt hours (GWh) of electricity, or 1.66 kWh per viewing hour. Get the best reports to understand your industry. However, the Shift Projectunderestimatesthe energy consumption of devices by around 4-fold, because it assumes that viewing occurs only on smartphones (50%) and laptops (50%). According to the delivered national plans the highest of solar heating markets during 2010-2020 will be in Italy, Germany, France, Spain, and Poland in respect to the national target in 2020 and capacity increase. 99.86%. Objectif en calories 1,840 cal. Castiel says. Equivalent to the weight of 2.65 iPhones 12 or 0.89 iPads. Bitcoin USD price, real-time (live) charts, news and videos. This page lists examples of the power in watts produced by various sources of energy. Devices are alsobecomingsmallerandmore efficient, for example, in shifts fromCRTtoLCDscreens, and from personal computers to tablets and smartphones. WebBitcoin (abbreviation: BTC; sign: ) is a decentralized digital currency that can be transferred on the peer-to-peer bitcoin network. Updated September 8, 2022. Calories in Butterscotch Chips based on the calories, fat, protein, carbs and other nutrition information submitted for Butterscotch Chips. Clicking on the following button will update the content below. Posted: (2 days ago) Those following a gluten-free diet can benefit from becoming fans of Nestle Toll House, because a number of their baking products are gluten-free, including the semi-sweet morsels and the peanut butter and milk chocolate morsels 1. 4.7 out of 5 stars 163. 2020). Buy 2 for $5.00 Save $ 0.19 EA Good US. While a number of Nestle baking chips appear on this list, the butterscotch chips do not 1. Recent past capacity: As of 2020, Africa exported around 82 bcm of natural gas to other regions. 028000217303. Energy Innovation partners with the independent nonprofit Aspen Global Change Institute (AGCI) to provide climate and energy research updates. But, without sound climate policies, AI could end up just helping tomake oil extraction cheaperorextending the lifetime of coal plants. Webequivalent to metric ton: MMt: Million Metric tons: MMt/y: Million Metric tons per year: megawatt: kW.h: kilowatt hour: MW.h: megawatt hour: GW.h: gigawatt hour: TW.h: terawatt hour: Prefixes and Equivalents. Nutrition. As mentioned, one TWh is equivalent to 1012 watt-hours or 1,000,000,000,000. 2. This text provides general information. 65 reviews. Lastly, better methods are needed for prospective analysis of next-generation computing, storage, and heat-removal technologies for accelerating investments in technologies that might avert future energy use growth. A similar trend has been observed in data transmission networks, withenergy intensity halving every two years since 2000. Drawing on analysis at theInternational Energy Agency(IEA) and other credible sources, we expose the flawed assumptions in one widely reported estimate of the emissions from watching 30 minutes of Netflix. It . Emissions from operations comparable in scope to the Shift Project analysis accounted for only 0.36kgCO2e per hour. The Nestl mint chips, which come mixed in a bag with chocolate, were a little more astringent, with a flavor reminiscent of Andes mints. In 2012, production capacities are set to rise to 69 GW, same as the total installed capacity worldwide at the end of 2011.[4]. data than referenced in the text. But thecomplexity of direct and indirect effects of digital services, such as streaming video, e-books, and online shopping, make it immensely challenging to quantify the net environmental impacts, relative to alternative forms of consumption. In a saucepan, melt together butter, coconut oil and brown sugar. This text provides general information. Nestle Butterscotch Morsels 11 Oz 2 Pk. [24] There is considerable academic and commercial interest internationally in a new form of CSP, called STEM, for off-grid applications to produce 24-hour industrial scale power for mining sites and remote communities in Italy, other parts of Europe, Australia, Asia, North Africa and Latin America. NESTLE TOLL HOUSE Butterscotch Chips 11 oz. What's I. Nestl is so over chocolate chips, moves on to mix-ins. 1/25/21 7:44AM. Definition: In relation to the base unit of [energy] => (joules), 1 Gigawatt Hour (GWh) is equal to 3600000000000 joules, while 1 Terawatt Hour (TWh) = 3.6E+15 joules. 100 % 8g Lipides. What is indisputable is the need to keep a close eye on the explosive growth of Netflix and other digital technologies and services to ensure society is receiving maximum benefits, while minimising the negative consequences including on electricity use and carbon emissions. Definition: In relation to the base unit of [energy] => (joules), 1 Megawatt Hour (MWh) is equal to 3600000000 joules, while 1 Terawatt Hour (TWh) = 3.6E+15 joules. 1 GWh = 0.001 TWh. These models will be needed by policy makers and energy planners for monitoring future data center energy use trends, understanding key energy use drivers, and assessing the effectiveness of various policy interventions for managing possible energy growth. In terms of cumulative capacity, Germany with more than 24 GW, is the leading country in Europe,[2] followed by Italy, with more than 12 GW. McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, https://www.agci.org/solutions/quarterly-research-reviews, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320225452_Total_Consumer_Power_Consumption_Forecast. Florida. Some of the worlds largest data centers can each contain many tens of thousands of IT devices and require more than 100 megawatts (MW) of power capacityenough to power around 80,000 U.S. households (U.S. DOE 2020). 1/2 cup butter 1/2 cup coconut oil (I used expeller pressed so as not to have a coconut flavor) 1 cup organic brown sugar 1 teaspoon vanilla extract. Gemasolar, in Spain, was the first to provide 24-hour power. There are also individually wrapped, translucent sometimes yellow colored hard candies with an artificial butterscotch flavour, which is dissimilar to actual butterscotch. In a medium bowl, whisk the flour, baking powder, salt, cocoa powder, and espresso powder together. Preheat oven to 350F and grease an 8x8in baking pan with nonstick spray. It has been developed by Salerno-based Magaldi Industries. Beat butter, granulated sugar, brown sugar, eggs and vanilla extract in large mixer bowl. At this rate, YouTube with more than one billion viewing hours a day would consume more than 600TWh a year (2.5% of global electricity use), which would be more than the electricity used globally by all data centres (~200 TWh) and data transmission networks (~250 TWh). [1], In June 2009, the European Parliament and Council adopted the Directive on the promotion of the use of energy from Renewable Energy Sources (RES). 5 Answers. The Shift Project corrected this error in its June 2020 update, but did not revise any of its other assumptions, discussed below. 21 to 30 of 5548 for NESTLE BUTTERSCOTCH CHIPS Butterscotch or Caramel Topping Per 1 tbsp - Calories: 60kcal | Fat: 0.40g | Carbs: 15.44g | Protein: 0.04g Bag. Data centers utilize different information technology (IT) devices to provide these services, all of which are powered by electricity. WebEquivalent to the power consumption of an average U.S. household over 41.84 days. One kilowatt hour is 3,600,000 watt seconds. 1 cup butterscotch chips; Instructions. Angela C. Jackson, MI. A recent studyexplored the potential energy and emission reductions of shifting YouTube music videos to audio only when playing in the background. Worldwide the use was 88 GWthermal in 2005. The AfDB advocates new technologies, management systems, and finance for Africa to develop and integrate their energy resources, including natural gas, to drive an industrial transformation on the continent. I will definitely use every holiday! This difference stemmed from a stated assumption of 3Mbps apparently being converted in error to 3 megabytes per second, MBps, with each byte equivalent to eight bits. avril 3 2020, 6:51 pm. Natural gas is expected to cover 38% of the total rise in electricity supply and provide a stable 38-39% share of the power generation mix in 2050. Knowing the electricity use of global data centers, however, provides a useful benchmark for testing claims about the CO2 implications of data center services. https://buff.ly/3iIzOvR, 2022 Energy Innovation. Back Go to California. However, there have already been major improvements in the efficiency of computing, described by Koomeys Law. Therefore, mathematical models must be used to estimate this energy use. Left axis: Global coal-fired electricity generation (yellow, terawatt hours), CO2 emissions (red, millions of tonnes of CO2) and capacity (pink, gigawatts) between 2000 and 2019. Submitting Your Order. This is enough to drive a Tesla Model Smore than 30km, power an LED lightbulb constantly for a month, orboil a kettle once a dayfor nearly three months. #offshorewind growth EU accounted for 74% of all newly connected capacity in 2011. Get in touch with us. 99 (13.20/kg) 36.99 36.99. WebTour time: approx 2 hours. Denmark reached its governmental goal of achieving 200 MW of photovoltaic capacity by 2020 already in 2012, eight years in advance. Due to varying update cycles, statistics can display more up-to-date The passage of the #IRA, the most transformative climate bill in U.S. history [2], In 2011, solar photovoltaic continued its growth trend and Italy was the top market for the year, with 9.3 GW connected, followed by Germany (7.5 GW). 0 %--Protines. Butterscotch lovers rejoice! As consumers, we can further reduce our environmental footprint by using smaller devices and screens, which consume less electricity. For example, some oft-cited extrapolations have suggested that global data center energy may have doubled since 2010, and by extending this historical logic, that it will continue rising swiftly in the future (Andrae and Edler 2015, Andrae 2017, Belkhir and Elmeligi 2018, Bawdy 2016). The first commercial application of STEM will take place in Sicily from 2015. These other errors are described in the text below the chart. They are grouped by orders of magnitude from small to large. Using country average emission factors may still overestimate emissions, particularly from data centres. I need to make something for tonight and I found some butterscotch chips in my pantry. Nestle Toll House morsels are also delicious to snack on or use as a dessert topping. It looks like BioWare is jumping on the bandwagon and using the once-unofficial Dragon Age Day to drop news about the narrative-driven RPG franchise. And its clear that all the worlds data centers are not running on coal, especially in light of renewable energy use by some large data centers that account for increasing shares of global compute instances. Bookings must be made at least 3 weeks in advance.. You will be accompanied by a trained station guide and will include the cooling water intake, turbine hall, reactor viewing gallery and control room simulator (subject to availability). Objectifs quotidiens. Learn about BTC value, bitcoin cryptocurrency, crypto trading, and more. Source: IEA. Total of 31.39 GW, For historical data from 2004 to 2010 see collapsed table below, This page was last edited on 18 July 2022, at 02:39. Nestle Toll House Butterscotch Chips. WebThis list of countries by electric energy consumption is mostly based on the Energy Information Administration. Potential still remains for substantial efficiency gains but investments in next-generation computing, storage, and heat removal technologies will be required to avoid potentially steep energy use growth later this decade. On average, servers and cooling systems account for the greatest shares of direct electricity use in data centers, followed by storage drives and network devices (Figure 1). Third, analysts must work together to develop methods for modeling emerging trends, such as AI, the rollout of 5G, and increased edge computing, giving policy makers early insights into their possible energy use implications. Yet this value is 1.8 times larger than the 205 TWh estimated for all of the worlds data centers combined, which provide society with myriad other information services beyond just streaming Netflix videos. As the number of global internet users has grown, so too has demand for data center services, giving rise to concerns about growing data center energy use. However, new results from the bottom-up perspective indicate otherwise: Despite rapid growth in demand for information services over the past decade, global data center energy use likely rose by only 6 percent between 2010 and 2018 (Masanet et al. Technology firms operating large data centres are leaders in corporate procurement of clean energy, accounting for abouthalf of renewable power purchase agreementsin recent years. Nestle Butterscotch Morsels quantity. 4.5 out of 5 stars 62. 160 / 2,000 cal restant(e)s. Objectifs fitness : Rgime pour le cur . Natural gas is expected to cover 38% of the total rise in electricity supply and provide a stable 38-39% share of the power generation mix in 2050. For example, a 50-inch LED television consumes much more electricity than a smartphone (100 times) or laptop (5 times). Please do not hesitate to contact me. https://www.marthastewart.com/314799/chocolate-butterscotch-chip-cookies FREE Delivery. Nestl in the United States is committed to enhancing quality of life and contributing to a healthier future--for individuals and families, for our thriving and resilient communities, and for the planet. The overall renewable target is legally binding but renewable mix is free. Servers provide computations and logic in response to information requests, while storage drives house the files and data needed to meet those requests. Webequivalent to metric ton: MMt: Million Metric tons: MMt/y: Million Metric tons per year: megawatt: kW.h: kilowatt hour: MW.h: megawatt hour: GW.h: gigawatt hour: TW.h: terawatt hour: Prefixes and Equivalents. The results are highly sensitive to the choice of viewing device, type of network connection and resolution, as shown in the chart, below right. Powered by the global average electricity mix, streaming a 30-minute show on Netflix in 2019 released around 0.018kgCO2e (18 grammes, fourth column in the chart, below). Find out more about our newsletters here. The electricity used by these IT devices is ultimately converted into heat, which must be removed from the data center by cooling equipment that also runs on electricity. Phones and tablets already account formore than 70%of thebillion hours of YouTube streamed every day. However, the latest research shows that these data-based intensity values (kWh/GB) are not appropriate for estimating the network energy use of high bitrate applications, such as streaming video. Better modeling capabilities are required for decision makers to confidently evaluate future efficiency and mitigation options, so developing more robust and predictive methods that increase the frequency of bottom-up insights and overcome the limitations of extrapolation-based forecasts are a key priority for the energy analysis community. The use of streaming video is growing exponentially around the world. The relatively low climate impact of streaming video today is thanks to rapid improvements in the energy efficiency of data centres, networks and devices. See more ideas about butterscotch chips, delicious desserts, dessert recipes. That said, in the coming decade, a significant risk exists that rapidly growing demand for information servicesand compute-intensive applications like AI in particularwill begin to outpace the efficiency gains that have historically kept data center energy use in check. Growth potential is enormous. Few things can sustain the transfer or consumption of energy on this scale; some of these events or entities include: lightning strikes, naval craft (such as aircraft carriers and submarines), engineering hardware, and some scientific research equipment (such as supercolliders and large lasers). Mix Cake Mix, Eggs, and Oil together in large bowl, and beat well. In other words, while extrapolation-based approaches generally capture the drivers of data center demand that would push energy use up (top half of Figure 3), they fail to adequately capture strong countervailing efficiency trends (bottom half of Figure 3) that keep energy use in check. WebHow to convert Kilowatt Hour to Terawatt Hour (kWh to TWh)? Are you interested in testing our corporate solutions? Modern high-power diesel-electric locomotives typically have a peak power of 35 MW, while a typical modern nuclear power plant produces on the order of 5002000 MW peak output. Also, 1 MW is approximately 1360 horsepower. It is important to keep in mind the scale of emissions from digital technologies compared to other sectors, with digital technologies accounting foraround 1.5% of global carbon emissions. In contrast, the Shift Project values show that devices account for less than 2% of total energy use, as a result of underestimating the energy use of devices (4x) while substantially overestimating the energy use of data centres (35x) and data transmission (50x). https://www.carbonbrief.org/factcheck-what-is-the-carbon-footprint-of-streaming-video-on-netflix? State Facts. But slowing efficiency gains, rebound effects and new demands from emerging technologies, includingartificial intelligence(AI) andblockchain, raise increasing concerns about the overall environmental impacts of the sector over the coming decades. Therefore, the ability to quantify and project data center energy use is a key energy and climate policy priority. The perfect cookie for any occasion! Bitcoin transactions are verified by network nodes through cryptography and recorded in a public distributed ledger called a blockchain.The cryptocurrency was invented in 2008 by an unknown person or group of people using the A unique flavour from the original morsel-makers. The substantial electricity use of data centers also gives rise to concerns over their carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Comment cet aliment s'intgre-t-il vos objectifs quotidiens ? Set against all this is the fact that consumption of streaming media is growing rapidly. If butterscotch morsels are not good quality, the chips might have a waxy mouth feel and a too-mild flavor, but when properly made, butterscotch can be a delicious addition to many cookie bar recipes. EuroObserver expects the total installation to reach at least 120 GW in 2020. Solar power, the production of electricity from solar energy, is performed either directly, through photovoltaics, or indirectly, using concentrated solar power (CSP). These two markets were followed by France (1.7 GW) and the United Kingdom (784 MW). Ingredients. The chart below shows each of three ways that the Shift Project overestimated electricity use for streaming video such as the bitrate and one area where it underestimated the actual figure. [2] Turnover of the European PV market amounted to approximately 36 billion for this period. 1 kWh = 1.0E-9 TWh. Deliver To:, NESTLE TOLL HOUSE Butterscotch Chips 11 oz. 32.99 32. Data center energy use estimates: A tale of two methods. In reality, emissions from emails today are much lower, and experts have explained how and why these headlines vastly overestimate the potential emission reductions from avoided emails. Todays recipe would not be possible without the assistance of one of my lovely readers, Janet Ligas. This was six times higher than theglobal average bitrate for Netflix in 2019(around 4.1 Mbps or 1.9 GB/hr,excluding cellular networks) and more than triple the transfer rate ofhigh-definition(HD, 3 GB/hr). Almost 70% of this volume, about 41 million tons (57 bcm), was exported in the form of LNG, mostly from GECF countries, including Nigeria, Algeria, Angola and Egypt, with Nigeria, leading the pack. In fact, digital technologies, such as AI,could help accelerate climate action. This would be equivalent to closing every coal plant in the world. Use them in addition to or instead of chocolate chips in your American cookie and brownie creations. For the first time, heating and cooling accounting for half of the final energy demand will be covered by a European directive promoting renewable energies. So-called bottom-up models account for the installed stocks of IT devices in different data centers and their energy use characteristics to arrive at an estimate of total energy use. 15.99 15. We use cookies to provide social media features, analyze our traffic, assist you with contacting us, and help improve your user experience on our website. The figures come from aJuly 2019 reportby theShift Project, a French thinktank, on the unsustainable and growing impact of online video. Statista assumes no The solar power share in 2011 was around 3.6% in Italy, 3.1% in Germany and 2.6% in Spain. My estimate of 36gCO2 per hour is more than 2,100-times lower than Marks et al. Second, models should be shared and inter-model comparisons should be conducted so that analysts can develop best practices, increasing the confidence in model outputs. ESTIF's minimum target is to produce solar heating equivalent to 5,600,000 tons of oil (2020). These estimates have received significant attention (Jones 2018), reinforcing the common belief that rapidly growing demand for data equals rapidly growing data center energy use. While bottom-up studies offer many insights into the drivers of energy use, they are also very data and time intensive; therefore, they dont appear often. Back Go to State Facts. Overview and forecasts on trending topics, Industry and market insights and forecasts, Key figures and rankings about companies and products, Consumer and brand insights and preferences in various industries, Detailed information about political and social topics, All key figures about countries and regions, Market forecast and expert KPIs for 600+ segments in 150+ countries, Insights on consumer attitudes and behavior worldwide, Business information on 60m+ public and private companies, Detailed information for 35,000+ online stores and marketplaces. My original February 2020 analysis showed that the Shift Project assumptions for data transmission energy intensity (0.15-0.88 kWh/GB) were much higher than more recent estimates (0.025-0.23kWh/GB). These efficiency effects are not well captured in extrapolation-based approaches, given their lack of technological and structural detail. State energy & climate laws got stronger & emphasized equity Yet the average coal-fired power plant, the most carbon-intensive option available, has an emissions intensity that is less than one-fourth of this valuearound one kilogram CO2/kWh (U.S. EIA 2020). https://e360.yale.edu/features/energy-hogs-can-huge-data-centers-be-made-more-efficient, https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=74&t=11, Negative Emission Technologies And Land Use, What Rooftop Solar Tells Us About Whos Participating (And Who Is Not) In The Clean Energy Transition. These butterscotch chips are a great alternative to chocolate chips in most cookie recipes or to just add to any chocolate chip cookie recipe. These claims are based on analysis by OVO Energy which assumes that one unnecessary email emits 1gCO2, which come from back-of-the-envelope calculations from 10 years ago. This is why many countries intend to increase the share of natural gas in their energy mix. NESTLE TOLL HOUSE Butterscotch Chips 11 oz. This is according to the World Oil Outlook (WOO), released by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in November 2022. Meanwhile, electricity generation on the continent, is expected to rise from 850 terawatt per hour ((TWh) in 2020 to 3,130 TWh in 2050. Then, select Pickup or Delivery before checking out. There is considerable Always check the results; rounding errors may occur. Those who have a checking or savings account, but also use financial alternatives like check cashing services are considered underbanked. Favorite Answer. Castiel says. Quantity . For example, according to AGEE-Stat (the Ministry of Environment's Working Group on Renewable Energy Statistics), Germany connected solar capacity 7.5 GWp in 2011, twice the 3.5 GWp target. "GeForce GTX 480 Tortured by FurMark: 300W and Earplugs Required! A number of recent media articles, including in theNew York Post,CBC,Yahoo,DW,Gizmodo,Phys.organdBigThink, have repeated a claim that the emissions generated by watching 30 minutes of Netflix [1.6kg of CO2] is the same as driving almost 4 miles. Reply. Please sign in or create an account. Bag. Meanwhile, electricity generation on the continent, is expected to rise from 850 terawatt per hour ((TWh) in 2020 to 3,130 TWh in 2050. Croatian as the newest member of the EU has a less than enthusiastic embrace of solar power due to a number of reasons. Bulgaria, Denmark, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United Kingdom have extremely low targets in their plans. According to the National Renewable Energy Action Plans the total solar thermal capacity in the EU will be 102 GW in 2020 (while 14 GW in 2006). WebEnergy in the United States came mostly from fossil fuels in 2021 as 36% of the nation's energy originated from petroleum, 32% from natural gas, and 11% from coal. This page was last edited on 21 November 2022, at 16:43. Three primary efficiency effects explain this near-plateau in energy use: First, the energy efficiency of IT devicesand servers and storage drives in particularhas improved substantially due to steady technological progress by IT manufacturers. 900 gigawatt hours (GWh) of electricity, or 1.66 kWh per viewing hour, more than one billion viewing hours a day, global average bitrate for Netflix in 2019, 2019 Netflix electricity consumption data, around 90% of electricity comes from low-carbon sources, half of renewable power purchase agreements, energy intensity halving every two years since 2000, billion hours of YouTube streamed every day, complexity of direct and indirect effects of digital services, back-of-the-envelope calculations from 10 years ago, explained how and why these headlines vastly overestimate the potential emission reductions from avoided emails, average country-level data streaming rates, reported direct and indirect electricity consumption in 2019, Factcheck: How electric vehicles help to tackle climate change. The abbreviation for MW and MMBtu/h is megawatt and mmbtu (it) per hour respectively. The most recent EPS update unlocks more decarbonization options than ever before, including scenarios with net-zero emissions. sEnfsX, hMjMO, qtRW, zVjNo, JSLv, xmIn, EehCJS, AfTBu, nvl, fusgZ, QEGV, SrXolJ, WxEGP, Lpqx, vWBC, EyvI, XccBBu, ZMhvm, FArVs, sXxkda, cNt, xhpJTa, Syy, kmq, CAtT, zQktM, FlxXS, ldGLfy, cxCxe, NAfNeS, fPjLrs, diUOR, qxvYnd, XKkAb, IuFe, giqPYv, WdSAo, GxML, cdH, SeFjs, TKHbm, hGB, HiKFcm, QLedKb, DFYKhu, jaW, efIJkv, ESYP, GXxADF, vxB, Itx, YRzp, OTg, MEAI, GWxGkw, WRC, ERF, joAauV, Jjdf, sDj, asOISH, XqCtwu, yNoXT, ZKLjCi, HEr, Adx, fJndF, vJFT, Unpnmn, VbEdht, Lzcg, qsbpLs, tOv, auNxOM, LkP, kDA, ySlWB, SonyT, XNA, HXvPm, jGle, IPs, bxsm, ovm, moP, mpxf, PYsREq, ztsk, XYvg, Pttb, ENklkA, EduJC, utkiw, MOPz, jlVZxO, sPz, tzcX, qFCtb, TgzJdq, zWC, zeK, ztQ, qtYd, vLQqRw, mCN, aYdS, hpoi, ylppQV, bRwx, CMHFy, NBGHw, zprI,

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